Supplement to the Last Post

As promised, here is the list of metaphorical expressions of the Strict Father and Nurturant Parent metaphors, from part 1 and 2 of Appendix 1 of the Cienki paper (citation in previous post), and taken from Lakoff's Moral Politics:

1. Metaphors in the "Strict Father" (SF) model:

I. Moral Strength

• BEING GOOD IS BEING UPRIGHT
• BEING BAD IS BEING LOW
• DOING EVIL IS FALLING
• EVIL IS A FORCE (either internal or external)
• MORALITY IS STRENGTH
  

II. Moral Authority

• A COMMUNITY IS A FAMILY
• MORAL AUTHORITY IS PARENTAL AUTHORITY
• AN AUTHORITY FIGURE IS A PARENT
• A PERSON SUBJECT TO MORAL AUTHORITY IS A CHILD
• MORAL BEHAVIOR BY SOMEONE SUBJECT TO AUTHORITY IS OBEDIENCE
• MORAL BEHAVIOR BY SOMEONE IN AUTORITY IS SETTING UP STANDARDS AND ENVORCING THEM

III. Moral Order

• THE MORAL ORDER IS THE NATURAL ORDER

IV. Moral Boundaries

• RIGHTS ARE PATHS

V. Moral Essence

• A PERSON IS AN OBJECT
• HIS ESSENCE IS THE SUBSTANCE THE OBJECT IS MADE OF

VI. Moral Wholeness

• MORALITY IS WHOLENESS
• IMMORALITY IS DEGENERATION

VII. Moral Purity

• MORALITY IS PURITY
• IMMORALITY IS IMPURITY

VIII. Moral Health

• MORALITY IS HEALTH
• IMMORALITY IS DISEASE

Priorities of the SF Model: STRENGTH, then SELF-INTEREST, then NURTURANCE

2. Metaphors in the "Nurturant Parent" (NP) model:

I. Morality as Empathy

• MORALITY IS EMPATHY

II. Morality as Nurturance

• THE COMMUNITY IS A FAMILY
• MORAL AGENTS ARE NURTURING PARENTS
• PEOPLE NEEDING HELP ARE CHILDREN NEEDING NURTURANCE
• MORAL ACTION IS NURTURANCE

III. Morality as Social Nurturance

• MORAL AGENTS ARE NURTURING PARENTS
• SOCIAL TIES ARE CHILDREN NEEDING CARE
• MORAL ACTION IS THE NURTURANCE OF SOCIAL TIES

IV. Moral Self-Nurturance

• MORALITY IS NURTURANCE [OF ONESELF]

V. Morality is Happiness

• MORALITY IS HAPPINESS

VI. Morality as Self-Development

• MORALITY IS SELF-DEVELOPMENT

VII. Morality as Fair Distribution

• MORALITY IS FAIR DISTRIBUTION

VIII. Moral Growth

• THE DEGREE OF MORALITY IS PHYSICAL HEIGHT
• MORAL GROWTH IS PHYSICAL GROWTH
• MORAL NORMS FOR PEOPLE ARE PHYSICAL HEIGHT NORMS

IX. Moral Self-Interest

• WELL-BEING IS WEALTH
  

X. Moral Strength to Nurture

• BEING GOOD IS BEING UPRIGHT
• BEING BAD IS BEING LOW
• EVIL IS A FORCE (EITHER INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL)
• MORALITY IS STRENGTH

Priorities of the NP model: NURTURANCE, then SELF-INTEREST, then STRENGTH.