tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8182098.post114453801388258458..comments2024-03-08T04:09:09.836-06:00Comments on Mixing Memory: Culture and Perception: The Role of the Physical EnvironmentChrishttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08417970139690159046noreply@blogger.comBlogger12125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8182098.post-63980641473043044602010-02-25T06:01:16.049-06:002010-02-25T06:01:16.049-06:00Dofus Kamas|Prix Moins Cher Dofus Kamas|Kamas par ...Dofus Kamas|Prix Moins Cher Dofus Kamas|Kamas par allopass|Dofus kamas audiotel|Dofus kamas par telephone sur Virstock.com<br /><br />Meilleur prix www.virstock.com dofus kamas stock de <a href="http://www.virstock.com" rel="nofollow">dofus kamas</a><br /><br />Prix moins cher <a href="http://www.virstock.com" rel="nofollow">dofus kamas</a> vente <a href="http://www.virstock.com" rel="nofollow">dofus kamas</a> sur www.virstock.com<br /><br /> www.virstock.com/jsp/comments.jsp dofus kamas vente <br /> www.virstock.comvirstock.comhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/04320729021324680816noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8182098.post-65150267980273298102009-12-28T21:24:12.562-06:002009-12-28T21:24:12.562-06:00Anothre set of ralph lauren polo in three colors. ...Anothre set of ralph lauren polo in three colors. <a href="http://www.sellpoloshirts.com" rel="nofollow">Ralph <br /><br />Lauren Polo Shirts</a> come with a graduation of colors on the chest. The new shiki Cheap polo <br /><br />shirts logo is on the chest. Comes in all layres and can be worned tucked in or out <a href="http://www.sellpoloshirts.com" rel="nofollow">Wholesale Polo Shirts -50% OFF</a>.<br /> Also comes with sculpted collar and arm cuffs.Flat knit collar, Contrast placket and half <br /><br />moon, Mothre-of-pearl buttons and tennis tail, Soft double knit piqué,100% cotton ralph lauren <br /><br />polo shirts. If you lend your embroidrere a sample cheapralph lauren polos that will help you get <br /><br />the closest match to the original embroidreed design. The artwork you provide will sreve as a <br /><br />template for your embroidrey set-up but discount ralph lauren polos can't be used to identify some <br /><br />stitch types, <a href="http://www.sellpoloshirts.com" rel="nofollow">cheap polo shirts Cheap Polo Shirts</a>give <br /><br />precise sizing of embroidreed elements and show thread polo clothing colors.<br />The cold winter, does not seem too for wedding. Most recently, the cold one after another, <br /><br />hangzhou air temperature pelter, let many wedding in late November bride is due a single wear <br /><br />gauze or dress, will feel cold, wear too much and feel very bloated. For the bride, the winter is <br /><br />the biggest test how wedding in temperature and balance between poise.<br /><br />Don't be too upset, actually this season only fees <a href="http://www.crazypurchase.com/cheap-" rel="nofollow">cheap Wedding Dresses</a>, marriage can create a different <br /><br />character "winter wedding", also more memorable.<br /><br />You can use the glittering and translucent white fairy tale, <a href="http://www.crazypurchase.com/cheap-cell-phones-wholesale-10" rel="nofollow">cheap cell phones</a><br />,the artistic conception to dress up oneself's wedding, choose blue, green, white ice cold tonal, <br /><br />decorous atmosphere to create beautiful, Can borrow snow machine and bubble machine build indoor <br /><br />romantic atmosphere, snowflake, feathers, Christmas tree,<a href="http://www.crazypurchase.com/cheap-cocktail-dresses-wholesale-868_870_1000" rel="nofollow">cheap cocktail <br /><br />dresses</a>, even is the element such as silver crystal, can add to your winter wedding dreamy <br /><br />colour, <a href="http://www.crazypurchase.com/cheap-gemstone-jewelry-wholesale-18_1016" rel="nofollow">cheap <br /><br />jewelry</a>you can even in a pile of snowman YingBinChu lovely, guests, we must take it and will <br /><br />soon be well.<br /><a href="http://www.polo-shirts.us" rel="nofollow">Wholesale Polo Shirts</a><br /><a href="http://www.polo-shirts.us" rel="nofollow">Ralph Lauren Polo Shirts</a><br /><a href="http://www.polo-shirts.us" rel="nofollow">Discount Ralph Lauren Polos</a>Anonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8182098.post-29682970613958889082009-12-23T08:11:31.286-06:002009-12-23T08:11:31.286-06:00The problem, for researchers, with these last thre...The problem, for researchers, with these last three levels of explanations is that they would all interact, and it would be difficult, if not impossible to tease them apart in practice.<br /><a href="http://www.rocketfrenchsecrets.com/" rel="nofollow">Learn how to speak French</a> and <a href="http://www.rocketchinesesecrets.com/" rel="nofollow">learn speak Chinese</a>Cherylhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/09881419727276147656noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8182098.post-36511124313211258612007-06-27T00:42:00.000-05:002007-06-27T00:42:00.000-05:00Ever thought about the 'Self' being a source of ex...Ever thought about the 'Self' being a source of explanation for these cultural differences in perception and cognition?<BR/><BR/>If we all percieve ourselves differently, i.e either as indepdent people largely detached from context, or as interdepdent people largely attached to context, then does it follow we see our external world largely the same?<BR/><BR/>Is our external world a distortion, a reflection of our Selves?Anonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8182098.post-1145032438534206992006-04-14T11:33:00.000-05:002006-04-14T11:33:00.000-05:00For those interested, here are some references for...For those interested, here are some references for other studies related to this issue:<BR/><BR/>Leonard Meyer and David Huron are cognitive musicologists who have explored the way that familiarity with a musical "style" (i.e. set of schemata, which are based on past listening experience--which is often very cultural specific) affects a given listener's cognitive approach to a piece of music. Huron in particular has compared cognitive approaches for listeners of various cultures and musical backgrounds to music of those various cultures. For example, in an upcoming book, Huron relates the study of how Western Classical listeners and Balinese listeners approached Haydn/Mozart/etc. and gamelan music differently.<BR/><BR/>Meyer's work is older, and largely speculative, as there wasn't much experimental data available at the time. However, many of his hypotheses have been confirmed or extended by recent research in music cognition. His most useful books are <I>Style and Music</I>, <I>Music, The Arts, and Ideas</I> and <I>Emotion and Meaning in Music</I>.<BR/><BR/>Huron has a forthcoming book, <I>Sweet Anticipation: The Psychology of Musical Expectation</I>, which addresses the role of familiarity and expectation in cognition and schema development.<BR/><BR/>Also, ScienceBlog.com recently summarized a soon-to-be-published study on the role that geographic landscapes in a particular region affected the look of written language as it developed in that region. Interestingly, written language characters tended to match shapes familiar in the visual landscape more than it matched shapes which were easy to write/paint/carve. This applies not only for ideographic types of writing, but also phonetic-based characters. The link is here: http://www.scienceblog.com/cms/why_are_letters_and_other_human_visual_signs_shaped_the_way_that_they_are_10315.html.<BR/><BR/>Kris (music theorist with particular interest in musical cognition)Anonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8182098.post-1144772066173309412006-04-11T11:14:00.000-05:002006-04-11T11:14:00.000-05:00Pretty interesting stuff. My initial reaction to N...Pretty interesting stuff. My initial reaction to Nisebett et al.'s research was to raise some of the same concerns that Blar had, specifically that the scenes may not be as comparable we would like them to be (or, maybe that's the point?). In other words, it seems as though the first step would be to use the <I>same</I> setting (American or Asian, or both) and vary the number and location of objects within it to test for significant differences in perception. If such effects are found, then we can feel more confident about this complexity-ambiguity dimension (and its impact upon perception). Then, of course, the next step would be to do the kind of research that Nisbett & colleagues have done to demonstrate that there are indeed systematic differences in American/European versus Asian environments that, in turn, can lead to differences in analytical-holistic perceptions. Besides this quibble, the studies you discussed are quite fascinating. Thanks for posting on this subject...Toddhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/05359769171850305531noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8182098.post-1144719815686877872006-04-10T20:43:00.000-05:002006-04-10T20:43:00.000-05:00Blar, actually, that's a very good point. I think ...Blar, actually, that's a very good point. I think they try to use the New York data to address it, but it would really require a more controlled study to show that it is the complexity/ambiguity of the scenes that is causing the differences in attentional focus. You can read the penultimate draft of the paper <A HREF="http://www2.psych.cornell.edu/cutting/courses/miyamoto.pdf" REL="nofollow">here</A>. I wonder if Nisbett and his colleagues are working on a study like the one you suggest. It would be pretty easy to do.Chrishttps://www.blogger.com/profile/08417970139690159046noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8182098.post-1144714749368433812006-04-10T19:19:00.000-05:002006-04-10T19:19:00.000-05:00Chris, my concern (and desire for another study) m...Chris, my concern (and desire for another study) might be clearer if we look at their studies in the opposite order from how they presented them. They found, roughly, that priming people with photos of Japan makes them act more like Japanese people in tests of holistic vs. analytic perception, and priming them with photos of America makes them act more like Americans. That's an interesting finding, and it suggests that the physical environment can play some role in holistic vs. analytic perception, but it's not clear what role that is, or what features of the photos made them serve as effective primes. Maybe it's just that photos with Japanese content prime Eastern cognition and photos with American content prime Western cognition. Their hypothesis is that something visual about the physical environment, its complexity-ambiguity, is part of the explanation, and they show in their other study that the two sets of photos do differ in their complexity-ambiguity. The obvious next step, to show that this difference in complexity-ambiguity is causally relevant, is to isolate this variable and see what happens to perception when you prime people with photos that differ in complexity-ambiguity but are otherwise as similar as possible (most importantly, from the same country). They don't take this next step*, which is the concern that I was trying to raise in my previous comment.<BR/><BR/><BR/>* or so it appears from your write-up. Would you be able to send me the original journal article or provide a link? In case you need my email address, it's at hotmail-dot-com under the name "blarghblog". Thanks.Blarhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/17654557196171228300noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8182098.post-1144699657074018972006-04-10T15:07:00.000-05:002006-04-10T15:07:00.000-05:00Blar, oops, I read your comment wrong, so I answer...Blar, oops, I read your comment wrong, so I answered it wrong. Sorry about that. The answer is no, they didn't confound complexity with country. The fact that they used small, medium, and large cities helps avoid that (large cities were significantly more complex than medium cities, and medium cities than small cities). New York City (the large U.S. city) was more complex and amgbiguous than the Japanese small and medium cities. They don't report data on the priming of scenes from specific cities, but since each comparison is done relative to the city level, you would predict that the New York scenes would prime more holistic processing than the Japanese medium and small scenes.Chrishttps://www.blogger.com/profile/08417970139690159046noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8182098.post-1144699008863153072006-04-10T14:56:00.000-05:002006-04-10T14:56:00.000-05:00Blar, they primed neutral scenes, and they used bo...Blar, they primed neutral scenes, and they used both types of primes with people of both nationalities. So I don't see any confound.<BR/><BR/>Anon, first, it is their physical environment, whether it's man-made or not. Second, the differences between genetic cues and the other three kinds are many. First, you can look directly for genetic differences (look at our DNA). Second, you can look for the sorts of things that come with genetic change (differences showing up early, in a predictable developmental pattern, and so on). Third, if genetic factors were to blame, then you wouldn't be able to manipulate holistic vs. analytic thinking simply by changing something about the physical or social environment. Fourth (and perhaps most importantly), people who are born to East Asian parents don't develop holistic styles if they're born and raised in the U.S. (I don't know of any study looking at European children born and raised in East Asia).Chrishttps://www.blogger.com/profile/08417970139690159046noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8182098.post-1144684575472437642006-04-10T10:56:00.000-05:002006-04-10T10:56:00.000-05:00Why did Miyamoto et al. leave complexity-ambiguity...Why did Miyamoto et al. leave complexity-ambiguity confounded with country in their priming study? In order to show that the priming effect is due to complexity-ambiguity, and not some other difference between Japanese and American scenes, shouldn't they have primed separate groups of participats with American scenes high in complexity-ambiguity, American scenes low in complexity-ambiguity, Japanese scenes high in complexity-ambiguity, and Japanese scenes low in complexity-ambiguity?Blarhttps://www.blogger.com/profile/17654557196171228300noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8182098.post-1144680120365967182006-04-10T09:42:00.000-05:002006-04-10T09:42:00.000-05:00Interesting article, but I'm a bit puzzled by some...Interesting article, but I'm a bit puzzled by something you say in the first paragraph:<BR/><BR/><I>However, there's no evidence whatsoever for innate causes, so we can probably rule this type of explanation out.</I><BR/><BR/>Given that innate causes would normally be mixed up with environmental, cultural and linguistic causes, how can you rule them out? It's obvious that there is a considerable range of genetic diversity within the human species; there is no good <I>a priori</I> reason to assume that this diversity is only skin deep.<BR/><BR/>Indeed, it can't have always been that way or the human mind couldn't have evolved from our ape ancestors. Whether or not there is genetic variation in minds now and whether or not it is distributed unevenly between ethnic groups, there definitely has been such variation in the past - which makes it even more bizarre to say without evidence that there couldn't possibly be any now.<BR/><BR/>So have there been studies that attempt to separate genetic causes from cultural, environmental and linguistic causes (including prenatal environment, which shows how difficult this is)? If so, how? If not, how can you "rule out" an explanation that hasn't been seriously examined and has a plausible mechanism?<BR/><BR/>It seems likely to me that the question hasn't been seriously examined (because it's a political hot potato and/or because of the swarm of confounding variables) and that people reflexively deny it in order not to seem like racists. But there's a big difference between honestly studying statistical differences between ethnic groups and jumping to conclusions about individuals based on prejudice.<BR/><BR/><BR/>Also, it seems kind of misleading to describe a scene consisting largely of human artifacts as the "physical environment", a phrase which (especially when contrasted with culture) implies *nonhuman* physical environment: the Sahara, the Amazon basin, etc. Clearly, many aspects of those scenes are themselves influenced by the people who quite literally designed and built them. Could there be a "when in Rome" effect going on here too, where people exposed to the trappings of a particular culture become primed to imitate it?Anonymousnoreply@blogger.com